上皮样神经鞘瘤较为罕见,据报道,部分病例缺乏SMARCB1/INI1表达。本研究旨在进一步明确该病的临床病理特征并评估SMARCB1/INI1表达缺失情况。我们纳入2002年至2015年期间65例被诊断为“上皮样神经鞘瘤”的患者,中位年龄45岁(范围:13岁~75岁),其中32名男性,33名女性。肿瘤好发于四肢(上肢20例,下肢15例)和躯干(17 例);9例原发于内脏(胃肠道8例)。大多数发生于体表的肿瘤位于真皮/皮下(54例中的53例),呈包裹性(54例中的53例)生长,其中46例由上皮膜抗原(epithelial membrane antigen,EMA)阳性的神经束膜包裹;位于内脏的肿瘤常为非包裹性的。所有患者否认神经嵴疾病史。3例患者有多发病变(且每例均为2处病灶)。肿瘤大小为0.4cm~22.7cm(中位数,1.2cm)。肿瘤由均匀一致的上皮样细胞组成,分叶状生长,呈片状、巢团状或者单个散在分布,常常伴有粘液样或玻璃样变间质。肿瘤细胞具有圆形、泡状细胞核和丰富、淡染的嗜酸性细胞质,通常缺乏显著的多形性或核深染现象。一些肿瘤显示类似于普通神经鞘瘤的区域(梭形区域,29例;Antoni B区或Verocay小体,8例;玻璃样变的厚壁血管,16例)。每10个高倍视野(high-power fields,HPF)下可见0到9个核分裂(中位数,1个)。所有病例均未见肿瘤性坏死。23例显示退变的非典型性核/异型核。7例肿瘤示明显的细胞非典型性,其中3例转化为上皮样恶性外周神经鞘膜瘤。所有肿瘤均显示S-100蛋白弥漫阳性和SOX10一致阳性(50例全部),而57例中的24例显示INI1表达缺失。其他阳性的免疫组织化学结果包括:神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(37例中有15例)、局灶表达角蛋白(40例中有2例);上皮膜抗原(53例中无1例)和黑素细胞标记均为阴性(Mart-1,29例中无1例;HMB-45,23例中无1例)。大多数患者接受了局部切除术(13例完全切除;47例切缘阳性)。31例患者的随访数据(随访时间范围:1~108月,中位随访时间37月),显示,无1人出现肿瘤转移,包括3例细胞学具有非典型性的病例,其中1例显示恶性转化。1例无细胞学非典型性的肿瘤患者在边缘切除术后局部复发,其他所有患者均无病生存。上皮样神经鞘瘤最常表现为成人肢端或躯干的浅表肿瘤。42%病例缺乏SMARCB1/INI1表达。复发和恶性转变不常发生,肿瘤总体上呈良性临床进展。一些肿瘤具有显著的细胞异型性,这一点所对应的临床意义尚不明确,形态学上可能与低级别上皮样恶性外周神经鞘瘤有延续性。
来源:Am J Surg Pathol 2017;41:1013–1021
美国外科病理学杂志中文版2017年第一期全文No.5
(王婷/耿鹏 翻译;樊祥山 审校)
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